Glossary of Neurological Conditions

Please find below the Glossary of neurological conditions that we treat.

This information is provided by National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke for information purposes only and does not necessarily represent endorsement by or an official position of the NIND or any other Federal agency. Advice on the treatment or care of an individual patient should be obtained through consultation with a physician who has examined that patient or is familiar with that patient’s medical history.

This Glossary includes synonymes.

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A
Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis

ADHD
Adie’s Pupil
Agnosia

AIDS – Neurological Complications
ALS (Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis)
Alternating Hemiplegia
Alzheimer’s Disease
Aneurysm

Angiomatosis
Anoxia
Antiphospholipid Syndrome

Aphasia
Apraxia
Arachnoid Cysts
Arachnoiditis
Arnold-Chiari Malformation

Arteriovenous Malformation

Ataxia
Ataxia Telangiectasia
Ataxias and Cerebellar or Spinocerebellar Degeneration

Atrial Fibrillation and Stroke

Autonomic Dysfunction

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B Back Pain
Barth Syndrome
Batten Disease
Becker’s Myotonia
Behcet’s Disease

Benign Focal Amyotrophy
Benign Intracranial Hypertension
Binswanger’s Disease
Blepharospasm

Brachial Plexus Injuries

Brain and Spinal Tumors
Brain Aneurysm
Brain Injury
Brown-Sequard Syndrome

Bulbospinal Muscular Atrophy

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Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Causalgia
Cavernous Angioma

Cavernous Malformation

Central Cord Syndrome
Central Pain Syndrome

Central Pontine Myelinolysis

Cerebellar Degeneration
Cerebellar Hypoplasia

Cerebral Aneurysm
Cerebral Arteriosclerosis
Cerebral Atrophy

Cerebral Cavernous Malformation

Cerebral Gigantism
Cerebral Hypoxia
Cerebral Palsy
Cerebro-Oculo-Facio-Skeletal Syndrome (COFS)
Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease

Chiari Malformation

Chorea
Choreoacanthocytosis
Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy (CIDP)

Chronic Orthostatic Intolerance
Chronic Pain
Coma
Complex Regional Pain Syndrome
Congenital Facial Diplegia

Corticobasal Degeneration
Cranial Arteritis
Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease
Cumulative Trauma Disorders
Cushing’s Syndrome

Cytomegalovirus Infection

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D
Dandy-Walker Syndrome

Deep Brain Stimulation for Parkinson’s Disease

Dejerine-Klumpke Palsy
Dementia
Dementia – Multi-Infarct
Dementia – Semantic
Dementia – Subcortical

Dementia With Lewy Bodies
Dentate Cerebellar Ataxia
Dentatorubral Atrophy
Dermatomyositis

Devic’s Syndrome
Diabetic Neuropathy

Dysgraphia
Dyslexia
Dysphagia
Dyspraxia

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E
Empty Sella Syndrome
Encephalitis
Encephalitis Lethargica
Encephalopathy
Encephalopathy (familial infantile)
Encephalotrigeminal Angiomatosis
Epilepsy
Epileptic Hemiplegia

Erb-Duchenne and Dejerine-Klumpke Palsies
Erb’s Palsy
Essential Tremor
Extrapontine Myelinolysis

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F
Fainting
Familial Dysautonomia
Familial Hemangioma

Familial Periodic Paralyses
Familial Spastic Paralysis
Fibromuscular Dysplasia

Foot Drop
Friedreich’s Ataxia

Frontotemporal Dementia

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G

Gerstmann’s Syndrome
Giant Cell Arteritis
Guillain-Barré Syndrome

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H Hallervorden-Spatz Disease
Head Injury
Headache
Hemicrania Continua
Hemifacial Spasm

Hemiplegia Alterans
Hereditary Neuropathies
Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia

Herpes Zoster Oticus

HTLV-1 Associated Myelopathy

Huntington’s Disease

Hydrocephalus
Hydrocephalus – Normal Pressure

Hypersomnia
Hypertonia
Hypotonia

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I
Inclusion Body Myositis

Inflammatory Myopathies
Intracranial Cysts
Intracranial Hypertension

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J Joubert Syndrome

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K Kearns-Sayre Syndrome

Klippel-Feil Syndrome

Klüver-Bucy Syndrome
Korsakoff’s Amnesic Syndrome

Kugelberg-Welander Disease

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L Lambert-Eaton Myasthenic Syndrome

Lateral Femoral Cutaneous Nerve Entrapment
Lateral Medullary Syndrome
Learning Disabilities

Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome

Lewy Body Dementia
Lipid Storage Diseases

Locked-In Syndrome

Lou Gehrig’s Disease
Lupus – Neurological Sequelae
Lyme Disease – Neurological Complications

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M Machado-Joseph Disease

Menkes Disease
Meralgia Paresthetica
Metachromatic Leukodystrophy

Migraine
Miller Fisher Syndrome
Mini-Strokes
Mitochondrial Myopathies
Moebius Syndrome

Monomelic Amyotrophy
Motor Neuron Diseases

Multifocal Motor Neuropathy
Multi-Infarct Dementia
Multiple Sclerosis
Multiple System Atrophy
Multiple System Atrophy with Orthostatic Hypotension

Muscular Dystrophy
Myasthenia – Congenital
Myasthenia Gravis

Myoclonic Encephalopathy of Infants

Myoclonus
Myopathy
Myopathy – Congenital
Myopathy – Thyrotoxic
Myotonia

Myotonia Congenita

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N Narcolepsy
Neuroacanthocytosis
Neurodegeneration with Brain Iron Accumulation
Neurofibromatosis
Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome

Neurological Complications of AIDS
Neurological Complications of Lyme Disease
Neurological Consequences of Cytomegalovirus Infection

Neurological Sequelae Of Lupus

Neuromyelitis Optica
Neuromyotonia

Neuronal Migration Disorders
Neuropathy – Hereditary

Neurosarcoidosis
Neurosyphilis
Neurotoxicity

Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus

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O Occipital Neuralgia

Olivopontocerebellar Atrophy
Opsoclonus Myoclonus
Orthostatic Hypotension

Overuse Syndrome

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P Pain – Chronic

Paraneoplastic Syndromes
Paresthesia
Parkinson’s Disease

Paroxysmal Choreoathetosis
Paroxysmal Hemicrania
Perineural Cysts
Periodic Paralyses
Peripheral Neuropathy
Periventricular Leukomalacia
Persistent Vegetative State

Pick’s Disease
Pinched Nerve
Piriformis Syndrome

Pituitary Tumors
Polymyositis

Postherpetic Neuralgia

Postinfectious Encephalomyelitis
Post-Polio Syndrome
Postural Hypotension
Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome
Postural Tachycardia Syndrome

Primary Lateral Sclerosis
Primary Progressive Aphasia
Prion Diseases
Progressive Hemifacial Atrophy

Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy

Progressive Supranuclear Palsy
Prosopagnosia

Pseudotumor Cerebri

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R Ramsay Hunt Syndrome I
Ramsay Hunt Syndrome II
Rasmussen’s Encephalitis
Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy Syndrome
Refsum Disease

Repetitive Motion Disorders
Repetitive Stress Injuries
Restless Legs Syndrome

Reye’s Syndrome
Rheumatic Encephalitis

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S Sacral Nerve Root Cysts

Seizure Disorder
Semantic Dementia
Septo-Optic Dysplasia

Shaken Baby Syndrome
Shingles
Shy-Drager Syndrome
Sjögren’s Syndrome

Sleep Apnea
Sleeping Sickness
Sotos Syndrome
Spasticity
Spina Bifida

Spinal Cord Infarction
Spinal Cord Injury
Spinal Cord Tumors
Spinal Muscular Atrophy
Spinocerebellar Atrophy

Spinocerebellar Degeneration

Stiff-Person Syndrome
Striatonigral Degeneration
Stroke

Sturge-Weber Syndrome
Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis
Subcortical Arteriosclerotic Encephalopathy
SUNCT Headache
Swallowing Disorders

Sydenham Chorea
Syncope
Syphilitic Spinal Sclerosis
Syringohydromyelia
Syringomyelia

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

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T Tabes Dorsalis
Tardive Dyskinesia
Tarlov Cysts
Tay-Sachs Disease
Temporal Arteritis

Tethered Spinal Cord Syndrome
Thomsen’s Myotonia
Thoracic Outlet Syndrome
Thyrotoxic Myopathy
Tic Douloureux

Todd’s Paralysis
Tourette Syndrome
Transient Ischemic Attack
Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies
Transverse Myelitis

Traumatic Brain Injury
Tremor
Trigeminal Neuralgia
Tropical Spastic Paraparesis
Troyer Syndrome

Tuberous Sclerosis

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V Vascular Erectile Tumor
Vasculitis Syndromes of the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems
Vertigo
Von Economo’s Disease
Von Hippel-Lindau Disease (VHL)
Von Recklinghausen’s Disease

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W Wallenberg’s Syndrome
Werdnig-Hoffman Disease
Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome
West Syndrome
Whiplash

Whipple’s Disease

Wilson’s Disease

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X X-Linked Spinal and Bulbar Muscular Atrophy

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Z Zellweger Syndrome